Humanitarian and Compassionate (H&C) Grounds

H&C is a discretionary pathway under IRPA s.25(1) for people already in Canada who would face unusual, undeserved, or disproportionate hardship if required to apply for PR from abroad.

Assessed on establishment, children's best interests, health, family ties, and country conditions. As of 2026, roughly 70,000 cases are backlogged against ~6,900 planned admissions; fees are $1,260 CAD/adult + $180/child; it doesn't halt removal proceedings; legal help is strongly advised.

Last verified: October 11, 2026 · Official source